Factors that push people out of Peru is the corruption that prevails in the country even now and the ongoing fighting against the Maoist group "The Shining Path". Corruption continues in Peru, as Congress people often demand bribes for contracts as well as favoritism for some companies over others. The most famous Peruvian corruption scandal was in 2000 when former president Alberto Fujimori fled the country with 600 million of after allegations of human rights, fraud, embezzlement, murder, and 2 cases of kidnapping. The Maoist group "The Shining Path" has been active in Peru since the 1960's and that between the late 1980's and early 1990's killed 70,000 Peruvians in their war against the Peruvian government, and just this June kidnapped 71 Construction workers. Factors that pull people into other countries are jobs and equal rights. The unemployment rate of Peru is still quite high, even though it has fallen 60% in the last decade, and many young people have a hard time finding jobs, so they move to countries like Canada, the United States, and Brazil. Many Peruvians, such as Amerindians and mestizos are highly discriminated against in almost all parts of Peru, and move to the United States to try and gain equal opportunity as their white counterparts. Women are also discriminated against in Peru, earning only 46% what their male counterparts earn. They also move to the U.S. for equal opportunities or to cities such as Lima where their dreams are more attainable. This is the reason why the net migration rate of Peru is -2.53 emigrants/ 1000 of the population.